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Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprises (WFOE)
A Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise (WFOE) is a Limited Liability Company established in China by foreign investor(s). A WFOE is very much like a LLC in the USA that it requires one member only.
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The registration procedures of a Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise (WFOE) could be divided into 3 phases: aproval phase, registration phase and post-establishment phase.
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A Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise (WFOE) could be terminated by way of liquidation or deregistration by its investor(s) or when the conditions of termination in its Articles of Association occurs.
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China Taxation
Under the current tax system in China, there are 25 types of taxes which could be divided into 8 categories. The major ones are Business Tax, Value Added Tax and Enterprise Income Tax. More
Representative Offices are also liable for Business Tax and Enterprise Income Tax. However, a RO could be exempted if its parent company is in the manufacturing business.
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Any individual who has domicile in China or who has no domicile in China but has resided in China for one year or more shall pay Individual Income Tax on his world-wide income.
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CHINA TAXATION LAWS


Detailed Rules for Implementation of Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Stamp Tax

Article 1 These Detailed Rules were formulated according to stipulations in Article 15 of the "Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Stamp Tax" (hereinafter referred to simply as ' Regulations' )

Article 2 'Documents which are executed or received in the categories specified in these regulations and within the borders of the People's Republic of China' in Article 1 of the regulations refers to documents which have the force of law within the borders of China and receive the protection of Chinese law.

The above mentioned documents, whether they are executed within or outside the borders of China , are all subject to Stamp Tax according to regulations.

The 'units and individuals' in Article 1 of the regulations refers to the various types of domestic enterprises, public institutions 9 administrative organizations 9 social groups and the armed forces, as well as to Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures , Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign funded enterprises, foreign enterprises, foreign companies and enterprises and other economic organizations and u-nits and individuals in their offices in China.

All Chinese-foreign joint ventures, Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, contractual joint venture, wholly foreign funded enterprises, foreign companies and enterprises and other economic organizations which pay Consolidated Industrial and Commercial Tax (CICT) may offset the full amount of their Stamp Duty payments against their CICT payments .

Article 3 Contracts for construction projects' in Article 2 of the Regulations refers to building project survey and design contracts and construction and installation contracts.

Construction and installation contracts include general contracting, sub-contracting and assignment contracting.

Article 4 'Contracts' in Article 2 of the Regulations refers to contracts concluded in accordance with the " Economic Contract Law of the People's Republic of China " , the "Foreign Economic Contract Law of the People's Republic of China " and other contracts related to contract law legislation.

'Documents of a contractual nature' refers to agreements, deeds, treaties, transaction documents, letters of confirmation and other similar types of documents which have the validity of a contract.

Article 5 'Documents which transfer property rights' in Article 2 of the Regulations refers to documents including the transfer of property rights by units and individuals, through such means as purchase, sale, inheritance, gift, exchange or division.

Article 6 'Business account books' in Article 2 of the Regulations refers to books of account in which a unit or individual records the financial and accounting details of its production and business activity.

Article 7 'Books of accounts which record funds listed in the Table of Stamp Taxable Items and Tax Rates' refers to general ledgers recording the original value of fixed assets and internal working funds or books of account set up specifically to record the original cost of fixed assets and internal working funds.

'Other account books' refers to books of account other than those mentioned above, including combined journals and ledgers and all types of detailed subsidiary ledgers.

Article 8 When account books which record investment according to the original value of fixed assets and internal working funds are stamped", and there is an increase in the total annual value of investment compared to that original stamped value, an additional tax corresponding to the increase in value shall be stamped on the document, according to regulations.

Article 9 Determination of 'internal working funds' in the Table of Stamp Taxable Items and Tax Rates shall be implemented according to regulations of the relevant financial accounting system.

Article 10 Stamp Tax shall only be payable on documents listed in the Table of Stamp Taxable Items and Tax Rates and other documents subject to Stamp Tax as prescribed by economic, financial and administrative departments.

Article 11 Exemption from Stamp Tax of ' copies or written transcripts of documents on which Stamp Tax has already been paid' in Article 4 of the Regulations refers to cases where Stamp Tax has already been paid on the official version of a document in accordance with regulations and any copies or written transcripts are then exempt from Stamp Tax if they do not create any rights or obligations involving others, but are retained only for reference purposes.

If a copy or written transcript of a document is regarded as having the same application as the official document, an additional Stamp Tax payment shall be levied.

Article 12 'Social welfare units' in Article 4 of the Regulations refers to social welfare units that care for orphans, the elderly, the injured and the disabled.

Article 13 In accordance with provisions of Item 3 of Article 4 of the Regulations, the following documents shall be exempt from Stamp Tax:

A. agricultural by-product purchase contracts between State designated buying departments and village committees or individual peasants;

B. non-interest bearing or discounted loan contracts;

C. preferential loan contracts between foreign government or international financial organizations and the Chinese government or State financial organizations.

Article 14 'Tax stamps shall be affixed to taxable documents at the time the document is executed or when it is received' in Article 7 of the Regulations refers to tax stamps which are affixed on the signing of contracts, the establishment of written instruments, the initial use of account books or the receipt of certificates.

If a contract is signed outside China , Stamp Tax shall be paid when it is applied within China .

Article 15 'The interested parties' in Article 8 of the regulations refers to units and individuals with direct power, liability and relationship with the document, but does not include guarantors, witnesses or appraisers.

The person who concludes the contract in the Table of Stamp Taxable Items and Rates of Tax refers to the interested parties in the contract.

An interested party's agent has liability to act as an agent in paying tax.

Article 16 Documents which transfer production rights shall be stamped by the issuer of the documents. If the documents are not stamped or inadequately stamped, the person holding the documents is responsible for making up the shortage. All documents in the form of contracts to be signed, shall be stamped in full, on a share basis, by the various parties holding the contracts.

Article 17 Where different tax rates apply to the same document because two or more economic items are recorded therein, if the amounts are recorded separately, the amount of tax payable shall be calculated separately and after the amounts are added together, the total Stamp Tax due shall be paid. If the amounts are not recorded separately, Stamp Tax shall be calculated using the highest of the applicable tax rates.

Article 18 Where Stamp Tax on a taxable document is based on the ratio of funds, and the amount of funds is not indicated on the document, it may be calculated in accordance with the amount recorded within the document and the State's listed price. If there is no applicable State listed price, the amount of funds shall be calculated in accordance with the market price. The amount of Stamp Tax payable shall then be calculated according to the stipulated tax rate.

Article 19 Where funds recorded in a taxable document are in a foreign currency, the taxpayer shall calculate the amount of Stamp Tax payable by converting the foreign currency amount into Renmimbi, using the foreign exchange rate quoted by the State Administration of Exchange Control of the People's Republic of China, on the date of conclusion of the document.

Article 20 Tax stamps shall be canceled immediately after being affixed to a taxable document. If a taxpayer has a seal, tax stamps may be canceled by affixing the seal to the stamps. If a taxpayer does not have a seal, tax stamps may be canceled by drawing several horizontal lines through the stamps with a fountain pen (ball-point pen). The cancellation lines shall extend beyond the junction between an attached tax stamp and the document or the junction with other tax stamps.

Article 21 Where the amount of Stamp Tax payable on one document exceeds 500 yuan, an application shall be lodged with the local taxation authorities for a payment slip or payment settlement certificate to be attached to the document or the tax authorities may affix to the document a symbol indicating payment of Stamp Tax, thereby replacing the need to affix stamps.

Article 22 Where the same type of taxable documents makes frequent payment of Stamp Tax necessary, application may be made to the local taxation authorities to pay the collective total periodically.

The taxation authorities shall issue collective payment permits to units who calculate and prepare collective payment of their Stamp Tax. The limits on the amount and the payment time shall be determined by the local taxation authorities, but the time limit on payment shall not exceed one month.

Article 23 Where the Stamp Tax is paid periodically, the taxation authorities shall affix a collective payment stamp and serial numbers on the documents and, after being bound into a complete book and after tax stamps or payment slip attachments are canceled by stamping, the documents shall be retained for future reference.

Article 24 Where a taxpayer attached tax stamps to more than the value of the tax payment due, he may not apply for a refund or offset the excess amount against other payments.

Article 25 The taxpayer shall properly store taxable documents. For all documents which have a State regulated time period for retention, handle matters following regulations; other documents shall be stored for one year after their expiry date.

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